Black cherry and choke cherry have edible fruit.  Choke cherry is smaller, typically, not over 18-20 feet tall.  Choke cherry leaves are larger, longer. Black cherry may grow to 90-95 feet. (More)
Given that  two trees are within the twenty foot range, use the leaves to distinguish between species:  Black cherry leaves have hairs on mid rib vein under leaf; Chokecherry does not have these hairs on mid rib vein.